Author： | 2017.05.08
2017年5月5日，北京迎来罕见9级大风，大风导致多起高空坠物砸伤路人和砸坏财物等事件。
发生这样的事故，相关保险责任如何认定？如何向保险公司索赔？
1、第一时间向保险公司报案
大风致坠物砸坏车辆时，被保险人应根据保单，在事故现场第一时间向保险公司报案，并根据保险公司工作人员提示进行证据固定。
2、车辆损失险的保险责任认定
情形一：大风刮倒大树、广告牌或楼顶掉下异物砸坏停在路边的车辆，属于外界物体倒塌。车辆损失险保险条款（以平安财险条款为例）对车辆损失险有这样一条约定：保险期间内，因“外界物体坠落、倒塌”原因造成被保险机动车的直接损失，保险人依照本保险合同的约定负责赔偿，属于车辆损失险责任范围。因此，被砸坏车辆被保险人可依据车辆损失险保单，向保险公司索赔。
情形二：如果在大风天气，树先被刮倒，车辆再撞上去，则属于碰撞。根据保险条款约定，保险期间内，被保险人或其允许的合法驾驶人在使用被保险机动车过程中，因“碰撞”原因造成被保险车辆的直接损失，则保险公司仍应当按照保险合同约定进行赔偿。
3、保险赔付后，被保险人就赔偿不足部分可向侵权人继续索赔
《侵权责任法》第八十五条和第八十七条分别规定了两种情况下的侵权责任，一是主体明确的高空坠物，即确定坠物来自何处，此时，所有人、管理人或者使用人不能证明自己没有过错的，应当承担侵权责任；二是主体不明的高空坠物，比如，路人被某高空坠物砸伤，却不知道该坠物来自具体何处，此时，除能够证明自己不是侵权人的外，由可能加害的建筑物使用人给予补偿。不管是哪种情况，作为所有人、管理人或使用人都有可能成为赔偿或补偿主体。
因此，被保险人既可根据保险法律关系要求保险公司赔偿，也可根据侵权法律关系要求侵权人赔偿；但是保险适用补偿原则。实践中，保险公司赔付之后即取得被保险人对侵权人的代位追偿权；保险赔付后，被保险人就赔偿不足部分可向侵权人继续索赔。
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